Gaming The Games: The Rules That Got Bent In London

Cameron van der Burgh of South Africa celebrates his gold medal in the men's 100m breaststroke. He later admitted that he took extra dolphin kicks during his swim, a violation of the rules.

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MELISSA BLOCK, HOST: This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Melissa Block. The London Summer Olympics are nearly over and, by most accounts, they've been a success. There were plenty of thrill of victory, agony of defeat moments. Despite the blocks of empty seats, we also saw huge, enthusiastic crowds. And, for those who enjoy a bit of scandal at their Olympics, there was that, too. I'm not talking about the usual plague of doping. No, something else.

Instead of breaking the rules, some athletes attempted to bend them, stirring debate about the ethics of sport. From London, NPR's Tom Goldman reports on gaming the games.

TOM GOLDMAN, BYLINE: Several times during these Olympics, there have been moments when the Olympic oath seemed all but forgotten. You know the one at the opening ceremony where athletes pledged to abide by the rules in the spirit of fair play?

(SOUNDBITE OF PEOPLE BOOING)

GOLDMAN: You pay Olympian prices for tickets. You're not happy when the competitors try to lose, which is what eight badminton players, four doubles teams, were disqualified for doing.

(SOUNDBITE OF PEOPLE CHEERING)

GOLDMAN: There was cheering at the aquatic center for the start of the Men's 100 Meter Breast Stroke. When it was over, South African Cameron van der Burgh had set a world record and won the gold medal. Then, he admitted in an interview with the Sydney Morning Herald that he took more dolphin kicks than are allowed. Said van der Burgh, if you're not doing it, you're falling behind.

The U.S. was behind in its epic Women's Soccer Semifinal game against Canada when American star, Abby Wambach, started reminding the referee that the Canadian goalkeeper was holding the ball longer than the allotted six seconds.

ABBY WAMBACH: Well, I mean, there was a few other times throughout the game that she held it for 18 seconds, for 10 seconds.

GOLDMAN: The ref made a rare call on the rule. It led to a tying goal by the U.S. and left Canadian coach John Herdman livid.

JOHN HERDMAN: It wasn't like she purposely tried to slow the game down where you see goalkeepers really cheating. She wasn't doing that.

GOLDMAN: Maybe not, but Olympians have been gaming the games as long as the games. In 1976, American swimmer John Naber won five medals, including four gold. He remembers how the rules were different then for swimmers who jumped the gun at the beginning of a race. A false start by one athlete would be charged to all. Swimmers were disqualified after a third false start.

JOHN NABER: My opponent, knowing I had a very good start, intentionally false started twice to hold me back at the start of the race. In retrospect, I would say that might be gaming the system a little bit, but that was within the confines of the rules.

GOLDMAN: Despite the stories of rules bending from London, Naber and other Olympic watchers believe most athletes at the games adhere to the rules and the oath. They base that as much on realism as idealism. Eighty percent of the athletes here, Naber says, don't have a realistic shot at a medal. There's no real incentive to cheat. For those who do, Naber recommends this litmus test.

NABER: If there is a question, come down on the side of - will this embarrass you when your grandmother finds out?

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

GOLDMAN: All the talk about rules and ethics are playing against an Olympic soundtrack of "Chariots of Fire." It's everywhere at these games and, despite chronicled factual distortions, the movie is an ode to all that's right and sportsmanlike about the games. It is a different world now, more bounty for successful Olympic athletes, more incentive for them to break the Olympic oath, which tellingly has expanded to include athlete entourages.

Tom Goldman, NPR News, London.

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