赫顿提出了一系列不同凡响的见解:河流冲刷河岸,新的山脉在对岸重新隆起的地貌循环变化;山顶上的化石是跟大山本身一起隆起来的;是地球内部的地热创造了新的岩石和大陆,顶起了新的山脉~~~

❤《万物简史》推出部落节目版,戳这里订阅:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/




书本的朗读语音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好学着模仿哦~~~!!
因为原著为美国人所写,单词采用美式拼法,不抄全文,然后听写单词或词组(用[-No-]表示)以及句子(用[---No---]表示)。请边听写边理解文意,根据上下文注意各句标号,这样有助于提高正确率。




Hint:
tectonics



It was while puzzling over these matters that Hutton had a series of [-1-] insights. From looking at his own farmland, he could see that soil was created by the [-2-] of rocks and that particles of this soil were continually washed away and carried off by streams and rivers and [-3-] elsewhere. [---4---] Yet everywhere around him there were hills. Certainly there had to be some additional process, [-5-] , that created new hills and mountains to keep the cycle going. The marine fossils on mountaintops, he decided, had not been deposited during floods, but had risen along with the mountains themselves. He also deduced that it was heat within the Earth that created new rocks and continents and [-6-] up mountain chains. [---7---] Above all, what Hutton's theories suggested was that Earth processes required huge amounts of time, far more than anyone had ever dreamed. There were enough insights here to transform [-8-] our understanding of the Earth.



exceptional erosion redeposited He realized that if such a process were carried to its natural conclusion then Earth would eventually be worn quite smooth. some form of renewal and uplift thrust It is not too much to say that geologists wouldn't grasp the full implications of this thought for 200 years, when finally they adopted plate tectonics. utterly
就是在考虑这些问题的过程中,赫顿提出了一系列不同凡响的见解。他朝自己的农田一看,只见岩石经过腐蚀变成了土壤,土壤粒子被溪水和河水冲刷,带到别处沉积下来。他意识到,要是这个过程持续到地球的自然灭亡之时,那么地球最终会被磨得非常光滑。然而,他身边到处是丘陵。显而易见,肯定还有某种别的过程,某种形式的更新和隆起,创造了新的丘陵和新的大山,不停地如此循环。他认为,山顶上的海洋生物化石不是发洪水期间沉积的,而是跟大山本身一起隆起来的。他还推测,是地球内部的地热创造了新的岩石和大陆,顶起了新的山脉。说得客气一点,地质学家不愿意理解这种见解的全部含义,直到200年之后。这时候,他们终于采纳了板块构造论。赫顿的理论尤其提出,形成地球的过程需要很长时间,比任何人想像的还要长得多。这里面有好多深刻的见解,足以彻底改变我们对这颗行星的认识。