I will show you typical mistakes when English words are learnt and how to avoid them.
这篇文章将为你展示一些学习英语单词时所犯的典型错误以及我们该如何避免它们。

It is quite sure that you have read about many techniques of how to learn English words. You have probably seen and bought quite a number of vocabulary books and cards as well. But do they work? Or do you use them?
你肯定已经读过很多关于如何学习英语单词的技巧。你可能也看到并买了不少词汇书和卡片。但是它们都真的有用吗?或者说,你真的用过它们吗?

I believe that every learner of English is unique and you as a responsible learner must find out what style fits you most.
我相信每一个英语学习者都是独一无二的,你作为一个负责任的学习者,必须找到最适合你的学习风格。

I hope that my little guidance on what not to do will help you to find yours and you will enjoy learning vocabulary. It is definitely a fantastic experience when you can understand more and more as time passes and as a result, your confidence grows.
我希望我的一些在学习词汇时不要做某事的建议,能帮助你找到适合自己的学习风格,并让你爱上学习词汇。随着时间的推移,你会越来越了解,这绝对是一次奇妙的经历,因此,你的信心也会加倍增长。

1. First of all, you need to understand that every language is different
1.首先,你需要明白每种语言都是不同的。

And by this I do not only mean that grammar is different but also the way concepts and actual words are related.
这不仅意味着,每种语言的语法是不同的,而且概念和实际的词汇是相关的。

One word may have at least five or six meanings and the translation of one meaning does not necessarily corresponds to that of the other one. What can you do then to find your way in the jungle?
一个词有可能至少有五六种意思,一个意思的翻译不一定与另一个意思对应。那你能做些什么来辨别它们的含义呢?

Obviously you need to understand the concept or idea and relate the translation only afterwards. Or just keep the meaning in mind and translate only when necessary. To achieve this I definitely suggest using monolingual dictionaries eg. Oxford Advanced Learner’s or Macmillan dictionary.
显然,你需要理解整个句子的概念或大意,然后取和它相关含义的意思。或者只是记住它的意思,必要时才翻译出来。为了做到这一点,我明确建议使用单语词典,例如:牛津高级学习者词典或麦克米兰字典。

So try not to worry about translations. The point is to understand the concept.
所以尽量不要担心翻译。关键是要理解这个概念。

2. You do not really need a vocab notebook.
2.你真的没必要准备一个专门的词汇笔记本。

A highlighter pen is a much better solution. If you copy all the words into a separate notebook, it will take a long time and you will lose the context that helps a lot to memorize.
萤光笔是一个更好的方式。如果你把所有的单词都复制到一个单独的笔记本里,那将花费很长时间,你会失去帮助记忆词汇的语境。

A long telephone book style list of words is not too motivating to revise especially after page 10. So just highlight all words that you consider important. Put some notes next to them. Here I mean example sentences, prepositions, etc. And when you revise you will say something like ’Oh, yes! That was the text about …. I remember now.’
一个长的电话簿样式的单词列表不太容易修改,尤其是在第10页之后。所以只要标出所有你认为重要的词,在它们的旁边做些笔记。这里我指的是例句、介词等。当你复习时,你会说“哦,是的”!这是关于……的课文。我现在记起来了。

3. You do not need to look up and learn all the words you meet.
3.你不必查阅并学习你遇到的所有单词。

You can easily read a novel without using a dictionary much. First you may feel you are looking at a blurred TV screen but after some pages the story starts to appear and you will enjoy the reading process. Reading activates the passive vocabulary that will eventually lead to active knowledge.
你可以不用字典就可以轻松地读小说。首先,你可能会觉得你正在看一个模糊的电视屏幕,但当一些页面的故事在你的脑海开始浮现,你会享受这个阅读的过程。阅读激活了你的被动词汇,并最终激活你脑海里的整体知识。

4. Pronunciation is essential.
4.发音是必不可少的。

Do not memorize the word without the right pronunciation. If you are not sure listen to it. Oxford Advanced Learner’s provides you with both British and American pronunciation. Use it as often as you need.
没有正确的发音就不要背单词。如果你不确定的话,牛津高级学习者词典会为你提供英式和美式发音。所以必要时,要经常使用它。

5. Do not hurry.
5.不要着急。

Learning words takes time and revision. First revise a new item every week. Later every month until it becomes part of your active vocabulary.
学习单词需要时间和回顾。首先,每周复习一个新词条。然后是每月复习一次,直到它成为你主动词汇的一部分。