在英语学习中,虚拟语气通常是重点加难点,考试从来不会少出,但又往往弄得同学们焦头烂额,丢分不断,沪江小编今天就来和大家一起学习一下什么是虚拟语气。

英语的动词有三种语气形式,即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气,陈述语气用来说明事实或就事实提出询问,祈使语气用于表示请求、命令、建议或警告等,而虚拟语气则是谓语动词的一种特殊形式,用来表达假设、猜测、可能或空想等虚拟情况,也可以表示主观愿望或表达某种强烈的感情,通常出现在各类从句中。

一. 条件状语从句

时间

     从句谓语形式

   主句谓语形式

 

将来

 if + 主语+ 动词过去式(be用were)

 if+主语+should + 动词原形

 if+主语+were to + 动词原形

 

   主语+would / should / might / could + 动词原形

现在

 if +主语+ 动词一般过去时

    主语+ would / should / might / could + 动词原形

过去

 if+ 主语+had done

    主语+would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词

例句:

1.现在:

If I were you,I would choose that picture.

2.过去:

If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.

3.将来:

If there were a sunny day next Sunday,we would go hiking.

 

二. 目的状语从句:

1.在for fear that,in case,lest引导的从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为:(should) + do。

eg. He started out earlier in case he (should) be late.

 
2.在so that,in order that所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为:can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do。
 
eg. He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer.
 
三. 原因状语从句:
 
1. should + 原形动词,表现在或将来
 
eg. He was angry that you should call him by name.

 

2. should + 完成式, 表过去

eg. I’m very sorry that you should have failed the test.

 

四.方式状语从句:

虚拟语气常用于as if, as though 引导的方式状语从句:

 时间

 结构

 主句动作之前

 had + 过去分词

 主句动作之后

 would / could / might / should+动词原形

eg. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.

      They stopped talking as if someone should come.

 

以上就是沪江小编为大家整理的几种常见的虚拟语气用法,不知道大家有没有好好消化呢?虚拟语气无论大小考试都是必出的重点,同学们必须熟练掌握啊。小编觉得只要多看多练,照着例句自己仿写一下,相信大家很快就能攻破虚拟语气这个大难点了。