大脑显奇功，光看就能听(双语有声)
作者：hahaleaf
来源：沪江论坛
2010-05-11 10:18
Brain Hears Just by Seeing
When my toddler hears a strange noise, he’ll say, “Mom, what does that sound look like?” His amusing phrasing innocently mixes sight and sound. But now a study in the journal Nature Neuroscience suggests that the brain actually links the audio with the visual. Because simply seeing a vase shatter activates the part of the brain that handles sound.
还在踉跄学步的孩子听到奇怪的声音就会问：“妈妈，那个声音长什么样？”听着觉得好笑，因为他把声音和图像混起来了。不过，《自然-神经科学》上的一篇研究表明，正如看到花瓶碎片，刺激脑部处理声音信息的部分就会受到刺激，声音和图像信息在处理过程中是密不可分的。
If I asked you to imagine a rooster crowing, you’d probably hear the [audio of rooster crowing] in your head. But what’s happening in your brain? We know which brain regions handle sound waves that come in through your ears. Are the same areas active when you simply imagine the sound?
假如让你想象公鸡啼叫的画面，你脑海中很可能也会出现它啼叫的声音。这个时候你的脑袋里到底发生了什么呢？我们知道大脑某个区域会处理耳朵接收到的声波，那在想象声音的时候也是这块区域在起作用吗？
Scientists [Antonio Damasio et al.] placed volunteers in an MRI scanner and showed them a series of nine silent videos. The clips showed things like the breaking vase, a cow mooing or a violin being played. And in the subjects’ brains, the auditory cortex—which handles sounds—was not only activated by the sights, but it would categorize them. So the patterns of activity that represent a howling dog and a chainsaw were distinct.
科学家们让志愿者们观看9段无声视频，并对他们进行核磁共振扫描。它们观看的视频中包括碎花瓶、公鸡啼叫、小提琴演奏等类似内容。扫描仪显示，这些志愿者们大脑中处理声音信息的听觉皮层不仅会受到图像刺激，而且还会对图像进行分类。因此，在看到狗吠和链锯切割的时候，听觉皮层的受刺激形式是截然不同的。
That means that Hamlet could hear the difference between a hawk and a handsaw—even if he only saw them.
这就是为什么哈姆雷特即使只是看到苍鹰和白鹭也能“听”出它们的差别。
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