通过画家的笔，将这位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世人的典范。 用完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，所有人大吃一惊。因为画里的人根本没有慈善的面貌，反而充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的气息。国王一看，生气地要人把画家拖出去鞭打。 这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画里的人，才是真实的我啊。”国王惊诧地问：“为什么？”圣者道：“这译就是我一生挣扎着，不想去做的那个人啊。” 在这世上，没有天生的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻自我反省，自我检视的人，才能成为圣者。 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

<汉译英> 中文原文： 当生活中的不确定感向你袭来 我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说，她译可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。 孟克（Edvard Munch）的名画《呐喊》哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特（Daniel Gilbert）不久前在《纽约时报》（New York Times）的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000 点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌──不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。 参考译文： Coping With the Certainty of Uncertainty A close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia. The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results. A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said. It was the not knowing, the uncertainty, that was so difficult. People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur,' wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed. 'Most of us aren't losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going to fall another thousand points, but because we don't know whether it will fall or not ─ and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things they're uncertain about. 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

<汉译英> 中文原文： 两只老虎 有两只老虎，一只在笼子里，一只在野地里。在笼子里的老虎三餐无忧，在外面的老虎自由自在。 笼子里的老虎总是羡慕外面老虎的自由，外面的老虎却羡慕笼子里的老虎安逸。一日，一只老虎对另一只老虎说：“咱们换一换。”另一只老虎同意了。 于是笼子里的老虎走进了大自然，野地里的老虎走译进了笼子。但不久，两只老虎都死了。一只是饥饿而死，一只是忧郁而死。 许多时候，人们往往对自己的幸福熟视无睹，而觉得别人的幸福很耀眼，却想不到别人的幸福也许对自己不合适。 参考译文： Two Tigers There were two tigers; one lived in a cage and the other in the wild. The caged one didn't have to worry about his meal while the one outside was unrestrained. The caged tiger was always envious of the freedom of the one in the wild, while the other one envied the caged one for his ease. One day, one tiger said to the other: "let's change places". The other one agreeded. There upon the caged one went back to nature while the other came into the cage. But before long both died, one of starvation, and the other, melancholy. Sometimes one is not conscious of his own happiness and always thinks the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence, but not think over that one man's meat is another man's poison. 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

<汉译英> 进取的幸福 中文原文： 正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于琐事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。 参考译文： We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have. 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

<汉译英> 婚姻的旅程 中文原文： 当你步入婚姻的殿堂，你可能认为已经爬到了山顶，剩下的只是悠闲地沿着平缓的山坡下山。然而，这译只是恋爱的结束，婚姻的开始。拥有一颗骄傲而又叛逆的心，坠入爱河与赢得爱情都是难事；但维持爱情也很重要，夫妻都应相敬如宾,互相关爱。当真爱起始于圣坛之时，夫妻之间便开始了一场智慧与慷慨的竞争，一场为了一个不可能实现的理想而持续一生的奋斗。不可能实现？啊，当然不可能，因为他们不是一个人，而是两个呀。 参考译文： Again, when you have married your wife, you would think you were got upon a hilltop, and might begin to go downward by an easy slope. But you have only ended courting to begin marriage. Falling in love and winning love are often difficult tasks to overbearing and rebellious spirits; but to keep in love is also a business of some importance, to which both man and wife must bring kindness and goodwill. The true love story commences at the altar, when there lies before the married pair a most beautiful contest of wisdom and generosity, and a life-long struggle towards an unattainable ideal. Unattainable? Ay, surely unattainable, from the very fact that they are two instead of one. 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

<汉译英> 中文原文： 它本身不用说，已经是望帝的化身了。有时又被认为薄命的佳人，忧国的志士；声是满腹乡思，血是遍山踯躅；可怜、哀惋、纯洁、至诚……在人们的心目中成了爱的象征。这爱的象征似乎已经成为了民族的感情。而且，这种感情还超越了民族的范围，东方诸国大都受了感染。然而，这实在是名不符实的一个最大的例证。 参考译文： To begin with, she is the [w]incarnation[/w] of the legendary king of ancient Sichuan named Wang Di．She has come to be known sometimes as a beauty with misfortune and sometimes as a patriot concerned over the fate of the nation. Her call is full of longings for home; she loiters about the mountains crying and spitting up blood, She is pathetic, sad, pure and sincere…She is in the eyes of all a symbol of love, which seems to have become a national feeling. And this feeling has gone beyond the national boundary to affect most of the eastern countries. Nevertheless, all that is a typical instance of undeserved reputation. 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

译

与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。 8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. [参考译文] 在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所译有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。 9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. [参考译文] 它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。 10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. [参考译文] 除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。

文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。 如： (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？   (增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！   (增译主句) (3) Indeed， the reverse is true. 实际情况恰好相反。   (增译名词) (4) Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights. 就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。   (增译物主代词) (5) While the magistrates were free to burn down house， the common people were forbidden to light lamps. 只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。   (增译连词) (6) 这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.   (增译介词) (7) 在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights， China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.   (增译暗含词语) (8) 三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.   (增译注释性词语) 希望以上的例句能帮助大家更好地译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译理解增译法，并应用于今后的翻译实践中。 声明：沪江网高度重视知识产权保护，发现本网站发布的信息包含有侵犯其著作权的链接内容时，请联系我们，我们将做相应处理。

了解一下专八考试翻译部分的评分标准吧。英译汉和汉译英均按照“忠实60% + 通顺40%”的标准整体打分，具体细则如下。 英译汉评分标准：按照“忠实60% + 通顺40%”的标准整体打分   优秀（100-90） 良好（89-90） 中等（79-70） 及格（69-60） 不及格（59分以下） 忠实60% 原文的信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致 除个别次要信息有疏漏之外，原文的重要信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致 有少量理解错误或个别漏译，但主要精神与原文一致 有个别重大错误或遗漏，部分信息含混，但总体上基本达意 误译、漏译较多，不能传达原文主要精神 通顺40% 断句恰当，句式正确。选词妥帖。段落之间、句子之间互应自然，有一定文采 选词较专八考试越来越近了，相信大家已经复习了不少时间。临考上阵，来了解一下专八考试翻译部分的评分标准吧。英译正确、得体。句子组织与安排符合汉语规范 拘泥于英文的句式，行文不够顺达，但没有重大的选词和句式错误 语句不够连贯，行文灰色，有个别重大的选词和句式错误 用词不当，行文不通顺，语言不符合汉语规范 汉译英评分标准：按照“忠实60% + 通顺40%”的标准整体打分   优秀（100-90） 良好（89-90） 中等（79-70） 及格（69-60） 不及格（59分以下） 忠实60% 原文的信息全部传达，语气和文体风格与原文一致 除个别次要信息有疏漏之外，原文的重要信息全部传达，语气