X-rays are so common today you probably never stop to think about them. They help check a broken wrist, a sprained ankle, the state of our teeth. But a little more than a century ago, x-ray machines provided a revolution in medicine, allowing doctors to look inside the body. And now scientists in the Netherlands have gotten a chance to look at how the original technology____1____.

A first-generation anatomical imaging x-ray machine was built in Holland in early 1896. Advances to the technology came quickly, and that first machine ____2____ an old warehouse. Then a year ago, a Dutch radiologist got his hands on the machine and dusted it ____3____. He and colleagues tested it using a cadaver hand. They published their research in the journal Radiology.

They found that an x-ray image that requires just 21 milliseconds today would have taken 90 minutes in 1896. And the radiation exposure would have been 1,500 times greater than modern technology’s. Early x-ray operators and researchers thus often suffered burns and other maladies. The scientists wrote that the images they produced with the ancient machine were____4____—but still____5____.
【视听版科学小组荣誉出品】
functioned was relegated to off severely blurred awe-inspiring
X光现在如此普遍，你可能不用故意停下来想想这是什么。X光可以帮助检查骨折的手腕、扭伤的脚踝和牙齿的状况。但一个世纪多以前，X光机引起了一场医学革命。这种机器帮助医生看到人体内部的情况。现在荷兰科学家有机会看看这种原创技术是如何起作用的。 1896年，第一代解剖影像X光机在荷兰诞生。科技进步迅猛，第一代机器很快被塞进旧仓库里。一年前，荷兰一名放射线研究学家拿到了这台机器，弹掉了上面的灰尘。他和同事们用这台机器检测一只死人的手。他们的研究刊登在《放射学》杂志上。 他们发现，现在拍X光照片只要花21毫秒，但在1896年却要花90分钟。而且和现代技术相比，那时候的放射线暴露要比现在高1500倍。早期X光机器的操作人员和研究人员经常会被烫伤或者患上其他疾病。科学家们写道，他们用早期机器拍出来的影像非常模糊，但仍然很激动人心。