考博英语语法核心总结
来源:互联网
2010-03-27 00:00
独立主格、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、主谓一致、倒装
独立主格特征
1. 充当句子的状语。
2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。
3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词)
例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home.
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started.
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle).
真题剖析
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them.
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because
练习:Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
8. A. is B. having C. being D. be
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(2)
1. (should)+动词原形
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句
部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式
would rather +动词过去式
真题剖析
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home.
53. A. ordered B. pleaded C. decided D. demanded
练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart.
15. A. took B. would take C. will take D. should take
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.)
54.A. shall
非谓语动词
动名词、分词、不定式。
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done)
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been)