第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理)，or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot, He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架）down, unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from "landing gear up".

36. What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are unwilling to take advice.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are quick learners of CRM.

37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _______.
A. he saved the plane by speaking up
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. his boss landed the plane too late
D. his boss operated on a patient

38. In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means
A. following flying requirements
B. overreacting to different opinions
C. listening to what fellow doctors say
D. making a mistake that may cost lives

39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
C. The Making of a Good Pilot
D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor

36. 答案：B
【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者对普通医生（doctors in general）的看法。从文中第一段的第一、二句“Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all."可知，作者认为医生一般都不愿意听取意见，所以答案选B。

37. 答案：A
【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者在什么时候加深了对CRM的作用的认识。文中第二段句首提到“I first read about CRM in 1980.”这是作者首次接触CRM，此后不久，在一次飞行事故中，作者的老板在操作飞机降落时忘记把起落架放下来，这时作者向老板提出“我们现在需要把起落架放下来”，从而拯救了机组成员。这个事件让作者对CRM有了更深刻的认识，所以答案选A。B项错误，因为作者并不是这次飞行任务的负责人；C项“他的老板使飞机降落时已太迟了”；D项“他的老板在给一个病人做手术”，均不符合题意。

38. 答案：D
【解析】语义推断题。“landing gear”在文中给出了中文释义，意为“起落架”，“landing gear up”意为“把起落架收起来”，结合该词组在文中出现的语境，可以知道在飞机降落时把起落架收起来是有生命危险的，所以keep me from landing gear up即让我避免犯此类会带来生命危险的错误。

39. 答案：B
【解析】主旨大意题。文中第一段提到，“but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon”，在第二段中作者讲述了其在一起飞行事件中的经历和从中得到的教训：即不论职位高低，在必要的时候需要勇于发言，作者将这一经验应用到手术室中，在手术室中咨询他人的意见并鼓励他人发表意见，从而使他成为一个更好的医生，所以B项正确。本文的重点并不是在讨论使飞行变得安全的CRM，所以A项错误；也不是在讲“如何才能造就一个好的飞行员”，所以C项错误；D项意为“一个此前做过飞行员的医生”，本文的主旨并不是关于作者本人，而是在说医生要听取别人的意见，从而成为一个更好的医生。

B
In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.

40. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A. To bring Europe together again.
B. To honor heroes of World WarⅡ.
C. To introduce young theatre groups.
D. To attract great artists from Europe.

41. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A. They owned a public house there.
B. They came to take up a challenge.
C. They thought they were also famous.
D. They wanted to take part in the festival.

42. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?
A. Popular writers
B. University students.
C. Artists from around the world.
D. Performers of music and dance.

43. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival______.
A. has become a non-official event
B. has gone beyond an art festival
C. gives shows all year round
D. keeps growing rapidly

总评：这是一篇介绍爱丁堡音乐节形成和发展的说明文。文章按照时间顺序，从创设目的，参与群体，发展规模等方面进行了简要而准确的叙述，回顾了爱丁堡音乐节的发展历程。

细评：
40. 答案：A. To bring Europe together again.
【解析】细节题。本题考查爱丁堡音乐节的创设目的。文章第一段最后一句指出：“the idea was to reunite the Europe after the Second World War”，即：（人们创设爱丁堡音乐节的）想法是团结二战后的欧洲。选项A表达的与此意相同。bring together 把……团结起来。所以，答案为A。

41. 答案：D. They wanted to take part in the festival.
【解析】推断题。由第三段第二句，“Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform...”，可知八个乐队不请自来的原因是他们认为每个人都应有权利来音乐节上参加表演。选项D，他们想要参加表演，与文章表达的意思相符。所以，答案为D。

42. 答案：B. University students
【解析】细节题。由关键词Fringe定位到第三段，但是本段不能推断出答案，所以继续看第四段，第四段提到很多大学生参加了爱丁堡音乐节，所以答案为B。

43. 答案：D. keeps growing rapidly
【解析】细节题。选项A文中未提及。选项B也未提及。选项C，由倒数第二段第一句“...music and dance on very one of the 21 days it lasts.”可知，爱丁堡音乐节并不是全年都有。选项D，爱丁堡音乐节发展迅速，由文章最后一段“and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself”可知其规模不断变大。所以，答案为D。

C
Given that many people's moods (情结) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapore's Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of almost always in the jar of sweets.
If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi's and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.
The CRF’s produce is "green"，made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Series - with Sichuan pepper, red bean (豆)，cheese and other flavors - also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.

44. What is good about chocolate?
A. It serves as a suitable gift.
B. It works as an effective medicine.
C. It helps improve the state of mind.
D. It strengthens business relations.

45. Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?
A. He knows the importance of research.
B. He learns from shops of similar types.
C. He has the support of many big names.
D. He has a lot of marketing experience.

46. Which line of the CRF produce sells best?
A. The Connoisseur Series.
B. The Exotic Series.
C. The Alcohol Series.
D. The Sichuan Series.

47. The words "chocolate snobs" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who _______.
A. are particular about chocolate
B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others
D. like to try new flavors

【总评】本文介绍了一个类似电影《查理和他的巧克力工厂》那样的，拥有一百多种巧克力的CRF。文章第一段先从巧克力的好处引出CRF及其创始人Chris Lee。第二段则从Chris Lee丰富的销售经验说明他的想法会是一个聪明的好点子。第三段则介绍了CRF中的不同巧克力系列。读完全文，会发现该文选材新颖，结构清晰，难度并不大。

44. C. It helps improve the state of mind.
【解析】细节题。本文的关键词为chocolate，根据出题原则，首先看第一段。发现第一段第一句话Given that many people's moods are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate... (人们的情绪由巧克力的化学作用调节)，可知，巧克力的好处是能够提高情绪。因此正确答案为C. It helps improve the state of mind.注意选项中的state of mind其实为原文中moods的同义词。选项B为强干扰，虽说第三行提到了drugstore，但是句意是有人会把巧克力店开得类似中药房，并没有指出巧克力就是一种有效药。

45. D. He has a lot of marketing experience.
【解析】细节题。由关键词CRF和idea定位到第二段。根据that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as... 可知，Chris Lee不仅是个老道的销售人员，还是个销售部的主管，且该销售部与知名品牌有工作联系，可见Chris Lee的销售经验丰富正是能发展他想法的原因所在。本题的C选项为干扰项，虽然文中出现big names，但是只是作为他经验丰富的有利说明，而并没有指出这些大品牌为他的这个理念提供支持。

46. C. The Alcohol Series.
【解析】细节题。由关键词CRF和line定位到第三段。大家注意题干中的关键词best，它提示了我们也要在文中找到表示最高级含义的短语和句子，而句子...with the Alcohol Series being the most popular中的being the most popular正好含有最高级含义。所以正确答案为C。

47. A. are particular about chocolate
【解析】释义题。根据关键词chocolate snobs和Paragraph 3，定位到第三段And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others，我们可以发现who引导的从句正是对chocolate snobs的解释，即chocolate snobs指那些自认为比他人更懂得巧克力的人。纵观选项，答案B说他们几乎不懂咖啡豆，不符合文意，因为本句后面还说为了这些chocolate snobs，“鉴赏系列”特地用了来自多哥、古巴等地的咖啡豆；答案C说他们看轻别人，文中并没有提及；答案D说他们喜欢尝试新口味，也未在本句定义中提及，所以正确答案为A。A选项中的be particular about解释为“对……特别讲究的”，符合他们自认为更懂巧克力的特点。

D
Low-Cost Gifts for Mother’s Day

Gift No. 1
Offer to be your mother's health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits whether a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need," but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor’s visit. The best part? This one is free.

Gift No. 2
Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother’s life,” Dr. Marie Savard said.

Gift No. 3
Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”

Gift No. 4
Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构). Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things - many of which are “green” - and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.

48. What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor's visits?
A. Take notes. B. Be with her.
C. Buy medicine. D. Give her gifts.

49. Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother’s sleep?
A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.
C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.

50. Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to _______.
A. enjoy good sleep B. be well-organized

C. get extra support D. give others help

【总评】这是一篇讨论“母亲节礼物”的指南性文章，话题比较贴近考生的生活。作者给出了母亲节礼物的四个建议，分别是：陪同妈妈看病、做体检，帮妈妈整理就诊记录，为妈妈买套舒服的床上用品，替妈妈将礼物价格的1/10捐赠给慈善机构。

48. B. Be with her.
【解析】细节题。由关键词at doctor's visits定位至文章第一段。由“Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits”可知，作者建议每次医生来诊，都要在现场陪同，因此，正确答案为B。

49. C. In Gift No. 3.
【解析】大意题。由关键词improve your mother’s sleep定位至文章第三段，因此，正确答案为C。

50. D. give others help
【解析】大意题。由题干Presents for Purpose定位至文章第四段。由第四段大意可知，在Presents for Purpose买礼物，可将礼物价格的1/10捐赠给慈善机构，从而间接帮助妈妈做慈善，因此，正确答案为D。

第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training

 Get a coach
_______, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.

 Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. ____52___, so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.

 ___53____
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about. ___54____. As far as we’re concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.

 You are a special person not a clone.
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. ____55___. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.

A. You aren’t like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F. The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse

答案：
51. E
52. B
53. C
54. G
55. A

【解析】
该类题型考查段落衔接和整段理解。本文论述了进行公共演讲的训练要点。
纵览全文，F选项与文意无关，可以先行去除，将难度降低为从六个选项中选择五个。

51. E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
【解析】本题与后句so get help. 形成因果关系，只有选项E可以作为原因。

52. B. You already do lots of things well
【解析】本题位于段中，通过上下文得出选项。后一句so good public speaking training should develop those与空格形成因果关系，所以空格中应表达“你已经做得很好了”的含义，所以B选项是正确答案。

53. C. Turn your back on too many rules
【解析】本题位于段首，为整段的主旨大意。从该段第一句可知，要对条条框框说不，所以C选项是正确答案。

54. G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
【解析】从前句Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about, 可知后一空与前一空形成因果关系，脑子里装满了条条框框只会使情况变得更糟。

55. A. You aren’t like anybody else
【解析】段落标题是You are a special person not a clone (克隆)，A选项呼应了主题。