独立主格与状语从句的转换当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时,可用独立主格结构取代状语从句,但不再保留连词。如:After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom.下课后,学生很快离开了课室。2. 不能省略being (having been)的情形在下列两种情况下,独立主格结构中的being(或having been)不能省略。如:(1) 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如:It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天,我们去了做礼拜。It being Sunday, we went to church.(2) 在There being+名词的结构中。如:There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因为没有公共汽车,所以我们不得不步行回家。3. 通常不用物主代词或冠词在“名词(或代词)+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中,一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如: Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯先生走进了课室,手里拿着一本书。比较with的复合结构。如:Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.4. 独立主格结构没有所有格形式The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了,我们开始开会。主编来了,我们开始开会。比较动名词复合结构。
  
独立主格的进态问题独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时,可用完成时,表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如:The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.听众坐好后,音乐会开始了。
  
由于汤姆一再迟到,他的老板非常失望。