动词和短语动词

第一部分 七年高考题荟萃

2011年高考题

1. (2011全国卷,34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ______.
ear

答案:C

解析:考查动词的辨析。disappear消失,不复存在;fall降落,跌倒,降低;fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱;damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程,故选C。

2.(2011全国卷II,10) Mary, I ______ John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised

答案:B

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“玛丽,我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind… of… 就…提醒(某人),使(某人)想起…;warn含有警告的意思。

3.(2011天津卷,6)I ______ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
ed d d

答案:B

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后,我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。

4.(2011江苏卷,28)——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A.deny B.refuse C.reject D.decline

答案:A

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“——你还生她的气吗?——不见得,但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认,否定;refuse,reject ,decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。

5.(2011福建卷,28)I’d prefer to ______ my judgement until I find all the evidence.
B. express e

答案:D

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等), 推迟,留到以后,与后面的until相一致。

6.(2011安徽卷,21)As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops

答案:D

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“随着故事的展开,这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”
develop开发, 发展,把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。

7.(2011湖北卷,26)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _____ our thinking.
A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve

答案:B

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“如果我们想要获得成功,知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引,导演(戏剧或电影);指挥(管弦乐队);limit限制;change改变;improve改进,改善。根据句中but的转折,选B。

8.(2011湖北卷,27)The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult

答案:A

解析:考查动词的辨析。negotiate谈判;quarrel吵架,争吵;argue辩论,争辩;consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说:‘我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论,但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。’”根据句意选A。

9.(2011湖北卷,28)Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate

答案:D

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明:比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计,这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术,操作;strenghten加强;approve赞成;accumulate积累,(数量)逐渐增加。故选D。

10.(2011辽宁卷,22) What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're ______ to be asleep. ,
A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered

答案:A

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“Tom,你不睡觉做什么?你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床,起床的意思,be supposed to do应当,应该。
11.(2011辽宁卷,24) You are old enough to ______ your own living.
B. gain C. take D. earn

答案:D

解析:考查动词的辨析。句意为“你长大了,可以自谋生路了。”earn one’s living 谋生,固定搭配。

12. (2011全国卷,26) I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with up with C. turn to to

答案:B

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍,但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出, 提出;put up with 忍受, 容忍;turn to转向,翻书到,求助于,(使)变成;stick to坚持,紧跟,粘住,忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的

13.(2011天津卷,8)She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
down with after across

 答案:D

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时,她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒绝;deal with对付,处理;take after 长得像,性格类似于,效仿;come across穿过, 越过,偶然遇见。

14.(2011山东卷,25) They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out

答案:B

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。”put off推迟;speed up加快;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋;work out算出,实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量,故选B。

15.(2011江苏卷,30)——You look upset. What’s the matter?
—— I had my proposal _______ again.
A.turned over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned down

答案:D

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“——你看上去不高兴,怎么啦?——我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over翻身,翻转,把……移交;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋;turn off关掉(电器、水龙头等),使厌烦;turn down关小(音量等),拒绝。根据句意选D。

16.(2011福建卷,31)Born into a family with three brothers, David was ______ to value the sense of sharing.
t up down after back

答案:A

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭,David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育,养育(孩子),呕吐(食物);turn down关小(音量等),拒绝;look after照顾;hold back阻碍,抑制,隐瞒。

17.(2011安徽卷, 34)If you ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon

答案:A

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要,你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到;care about关心,在乎;look for寻找;focus upon专注于。

18.(2011浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to ______it,
A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with
答案:A

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的,但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用,尽量好好去做;get away from逃离;keep an eye on照看,,留心; 注意;catch up with追上,赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化,选A。

19.(2011浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up

答案:D

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他决定一路驾车回家,不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下,平定, 镇压,记下;put off推迟;put on穿上,戴上,上演,假装,增加;put up举起,建立,张贴,投宿。根据句意选D。

20.(2011四川卷,7)To get a better grade, you should ______the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over

答案:A

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“为了获得好成绩,你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查,复习,重温从头到尾检查一遍;get over越过,完成,克服(困难),从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来;turn over翻身,翻转,把……移交;take over接管; 接替。

21.(2011四川卷,14)I often ______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
up at C. look for into

答案:A

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查(单词、电话号码等);look at看,注视(某人或某物);look for寻找;look into深入地检查,研究,调查。

22.(2011陕西卷,25)Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out

答案:C

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。take in吸收,欺骗;take off拿走, 取下,脱去(衣服等),起飞;take on承担,呈现,雇用;take out把…带出去,清除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己,让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”

23.(2011湖北卷,29) The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down

答案:B

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸,记录,记下;bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕, 击败,降(价);hand down把…传递下来,遗留; 流传;tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选B。

24.(2011辽宁卷,26) The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.

A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away

答案:C

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下,平定, 镇压,记下;put off推迟;put up举起,建立,张贴,投宿;put away放好,储存,抛弃。根据句意选C。

25.(2011江西卷35)You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______ as you expect.
out out out D. put out.

答案:C

解析:考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽;break out 打破;work out 算出,实现;put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选C。