公共健康：防患于未然(双语有声)
Public Health: Try the Prevent Defense
公共健康：防患于未然
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. That's more than a folksy aphorism when it comes to infectious diseases. Because according to a report in the Proceedings of the Royal Society, it's more cost effective to reduce the cases of a disease in hard-hit areas than to struggle to find a cure.
一分的预防胜于十分的治疗。对于传染疾病而言，这句格言可就不仅仅是一句民间习语了。据《英国皇家学会学报》上发表的一篇报道，在传染病肆虐的地区，比起苦苦寻求治病良方，减少病患更划算。
The trick, say the scientists, is identifying the populations most at risk. To figure out where disease-prevention dollars would be best spent, the scientists crunched the numbers. They looked at the diversity of disease-causing organisms and at the number of victims in regions all around the world. And they examined a variety of variables, from climate conditions to the money spent on health care.
科学家们说，诀窍在于正在确定传染病的易感人群。为了找出如何将预防疾病的钱花到最需要的地方，科学家们细细地处理了这些数据。他们研究了致病微生物的多样性，还考察了世界各个地区的患者人数。他们还研究了从气候条件到医保支出各种各样的可变因素。
Their finding, perhaps not surprisingly, is that the places where infections are most rampant are those with the largest populations and the worst disease-control measures. The good news is: the data show that efforts to control these scourges do work. So where eradication has failed, prevention can help.
他们的研究结果显示，传染病最为猖獗的地区正是那些人口最多、疾病控制措施最差的地方。这或许并不出人意料。而好消息是：研究数据表明，控制这些疾病的努力也确实起到了作用。因此，只要传染病没有根除，预防就能提供帮助。
The scientists note that reducing illness in heavily populated, poor areas also lowers the chance of a disease spreading to uninfected regions. Just as it's in your best interest to keep your neighbor's house from going up in flames.
科学家们指出，在人口稠密的贫困地区，减少疾病也能降低某一疾病向非感染地区扩散的机会。这正如防止你邻居的房子失火对你最为有利一样。
—Karen Hopkin
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