快到、对、向 towards,工、学、军、城、上、北、南

例:It's getting on towards the end of term now. 现在已快到学期未了。(快到)
Towards midnight my husband came back. 快到半夜了我的丈夫才回来。(快到)
Our teacher was very lenient towards us. 我们的老师对我们很松。(对)
What you have invented is really a big contribution towards our company.你所发明的对我们公司确实是一大贡献。(对)
The boy came running towards his mother. 那个男孩向他母亲跑去。(向着)

所谓工、学、军、城、上、北、南,是说 up 和 down 的用法。这也是汉英翻译时要注意的。例如:招工,上大学,参军,进城,上山,向北方等都属于 up。而相反的下乡,向南,落榜等都属于 down。“大军南下,北上抗日”大概由此而来。

but for 否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。

but for 是“若不是”的意思。

例:But for our great Communist Party, we could never have today's happiness.若没有伟大的共产党,我们决不会有今天的幸福生活。
But for this chemical the vapour inside the system would not have been absorbed so completely. 若没有这个化学剂的作用,系统内的蒸汽不可能被吸收得这么彻底。

but for 将在虚拟语气中详讲。

之前讲过一些in, out, by, to 等的用法,但是以下固定搭配不可随意改动:

例:in general 一般说来
in short 简言之
in other words 换言之
in my opinion 依我看
in simple words 简言之
on the whole 基本上
for instance 例如
for short 简称
after all 毕竟
above all 首先

此外考试中常出现的成语前置词也须牢记其用法。

by appearance 从外表
by the aid of 借……的帮助
by far ……得多
by course of ……照……常例
by reason of 由于
by request 应邀
by right of 由于凭借

out of date 过时
out of harmony with 与……不一致
out of harmony with 摆脱困境
out of bounds 超出权限
out of proportion to 与……不相称
out of reach 力量不及
out of one's wits 不知所措
out of question 没问题
out of the question 不可能的

to a great extent 很大程度上
to one's taste 合……胃口
to one's thinking 据……看来
to one's heart's content 尽情地
to the utmost 尽力

behind schedule 不准时
behind the times 过时的
behind the curtain 在幕后

within reach 能力所及
within a hair's breadth 差—点
within a stone's throw of 在附近

beyond description 无法形容
beyond reason 毫无道理
beyond reproach 无可指责
beyond one's expectation 超出……范围
beyond expression 无法表达